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5-15% of total project cost

Contingency covers unforeseen conditions and changes

Ensure all bidders price same scope for accurate comparison

Clear specs yield comparable bids

Comprehensive long-term plan for campus development and facility improvements

Typically covers 10 to 20 year planning horizon

Systematic evaluation of building physical condition across all major systems.

Documents deficiencies, estimates correction costs, and assigns condition ratings.

Component fails and technician fixes it; also called run-to-failure.

Most cost-effective for non-critical, low-cost equipment with no failure risk.

Bearing wear, shaft imbalance, and misalignment in rotating equipment.

Uses accelerometers measuring speed, strength, frequency of vibration patterns.

Written record setting contract scope including tasks and intervals.

Lists assets, tasks, service intervals, response times, licenses, safety, records required.

Item name, make, model, serial number, purchase date, cost, location, department, condition.

Room-level location makes audits faster; vague floor-level assignments are difficult.

Indoor Environmental Quality.

Conditions inside building affecting health, comfort, performance: air, thermal, lighting, acoustics.

Log recording every entry and exit event.

Critical security and compliance tool; spots unusual patterns before serious problems.

Path from request through review, assignment, completion, closeout.

Understanding each stage is first step toward managing work effectively.

BIM is database with smart objects; CAD produces drawings with geometry only.

BIM elements know material, fire rating, thermal performance, relationships to other systems.

Occupant survey, focus group, service audit.

Together give full picture of where service program stands today.

Policy states what required; procedure explains how to carry it out.

Both necessary: policies set standard, procedures define method.

Plan, Do, Check, Act.

Most widely used continuous improvement framework; repeats creating learning cycle.

Fixtures, Furnishings, and Equipment.

Movable assets removable without structural trades work.

Mowing, edging, fertilization, weed control, pruning, mulching, seasonal planting.

Trees require periodic inspection by arborist for damage and disease.

Traction and hydraulic.

Traction uses cables; hydraulic uses fluid-driven piston.

ASSE 6030

The verifier confirms that installation meets standards

Equipment that removes heat from water for cooling purposes

This provides chilled water for HVAC systems

A closure device in a duct that penetrates a fire barrier

This prevents fire or smoke spread through ductwork

Monitoring equipment vibration to detect bearing or alignment problems

This is predictive maintenance for rotating equipment

Schematic design precedes design development

SD tests concepts; DD refines details from SD phase

Systematic method to improve project value by examining function

Reduces costs while maintaining or improving quality and performance

Fire-rated wall assembly that extends from floor to deck

Limits fire spread and creates compartmentation

Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design rating system

Third-party verification of sustainable building design and operations

Day-to-day management of physical environment keeping facilities, safe, functional and mission-ready.

Covers building systems structure maintenance FF&E and work management.

Acquisition, transition to occupancy, operation and maintenance, and disposal.

Every building follows this predictable arc from planning through retirement.

Steel frame, concrete frame, and wood frame.

Each suited to different building types, heights, and cost profiles.

Drain, waste, and vent system for sanitary drainage.

Vent pipes allow air flow; prevent gas backup.

A load of less than 150 KVA

Per NFPA 99, small facilities may use a single switch