Geotechnical Report
A document that provides analysis of soil, rock, and groundwater conditions at a construction site to guide foundation design and excavation.
Grade Beam
A reinforced concrete beam placed at or below ground level to distribute loads from a building’s structure to the foundation.
Greenfield Project
A construction project built on undeveloped land, requiring new infrastructure, utilities, and site preparation.
Gross Floor Area (GFA)
The total interior floor space of a building, measured from exterior walls, including all usable areas.
Ground Improvement
Techniques such as soil stabilization, compaction, or grouting used to enhance soil properties before construction.
Guaranteed Maximum Price (GMP) Contract
A contract type in which the contractor is compensated for actual costs incurred plus a fixed fee, with a ceiling price that cannot be exceeded.
Handover Package
A collection of project documentation for the owner.
Hard Costs
Tangible expenses such as materials and labor.
Hazardous Materials (HAZMAT)
Substances such as chemicals, asbestos, or lead that pose health and environmental risks and require special handling during construction.
Heat Island Effect
The increase in temperature in urban areas due to heat absorption by buildings, pavement, and infrastructure, often mitigated by reflective surfaces or vegetation.